Learn about kidney stones – what causes them, how to recognise the symptoms, ways to prevent them, and the modern treatment options available at K K Hospital, Delhi.
What are Kidney Stones?
Kidney stones are hard mineral deposits that form inside the kidneys when certain substances in the urine become concentrated. They can range from the size of a grain of sand to a small pebble.
Common Causes
- Low fluid intake leading to concentrated urine
- High intake of oxalate‑rich foods such as spinach, nuts, and tea
- Excessive animal protein or salt in the diet
- Family history of stones
- Medical conditions like gout, hyperparathyroidism, or urinary tract infections
Typical Symptoms
- Sudden, severe pain in the back or side (often described as “colicky” pain)
- Pain radiating to the lower abdomen or groin
- Blood in the urine (pink, red or brown colour)
- Frequent urge to urinate or painful urination
- Nausea, vomiting, and occasional fever
Prevention Tips for Everyday Life
- Drink at least 2‑3 litres of water daily; aim for clear or light‑yellow urine.
- Limit intake of salty foods, processed snacks, and sugary drinks.
- Moderate consumption of oxalate‑rich foods; pair them with calcium‑rich foods to reduce absorption.
- Maintain a balanced diet with adequate calcium (but avoid excessive supplements).
- Stay active – regular exercise helps maintain healthy metabolism.
When to Seek Medical Help
If you experience any of the above symptoms, especially severe pain or blood in the urine, visit a urologist promptly. Early evaluation can prevent complications such as infection or kidney damage.
Treatment Options Available at K K Hospital
1. Conservative Management
For small stones (usually <5 mm), increasing fluid intake and pain relief may be sufficient. Medications such as alpha‑blockers can help the stone pass more easily.
2. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL)
A non‑invasive procedure that uses shock waves to break larger stones into fragments that can be passed naturally.
3. Ureteroscopy with Laser Lithotripsy
A thin scope is passed through the urethra to the stone, where a laser breaks it into tiny pieces.
4. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL)
For very large or complex stones, a small incision is made in the back to remove the stone directly.
5. Post‑Procedure Care
- Follow-up imaging to confirm stone clearance
- Dietary counselling by our nutrition team
- Regular monitoring for recurrence
Our urology team at K K Hospital combines advanced technology with compassionate care to ensure the best outcomes for kidney‑stone patients.