A clear guide to understanding erectile dysfunction, its common causes, how it is diagnosed, and the treatment choices available at Shankar Superspeciality Hospitals, Patiala.
Introduction
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual activity. It is a common condition that can affect men of any age, and it often signals an underlying health issue.
Common Causes
Physical Causes
- Cardiovascular disease or atherosclerosis
- Diabetes mellitus
- High blood pressure
- Hormonal imbalances, especially low testosterone
- Neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease or multiple sclerosis
- Chronic kidney or liver disease
Psychological Causes
- Stress, anxiety or depression
- Relationship problems
- Performance anxiety
Diagnosis
How doctors evaluate ED
- Medical history and symptom discussion
- Physical examination focusing on the genitals and vascular health
- Blood tests to check hormone levels, blood sugar and cholesterol
- Urine tests to detect underlying conditions
- Special tests such as nocturnal penile tumescence or Doppler ultrasound when needed
Treatment Options
Lifestyle Modifications
- Quit smoking and limit alcohol intake
- Maintain a healthy weight through balanced diet and regular exercise
- Manage stress with relaxation techniques or counseling
Medications
- Phosphodiesterase‑5 inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil, tadalafil)
- Hormone therapy for low testosterone
Devices
- Vacuum erection devices
- Penile implants (surgical option)
Surgical Options
Vascular surgery may be considered in select cases where blood flow to the penis is compromised.
When to Seek Help
If erections are consistently difficult to achieve or maintain for more than a few weeks, or if you notice a sudden change, schedule an appointment with a urologist. Early evaluation can improve treatment success and uncover other health concerns.
Shankar Superspeciality Hospitals
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