Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung condition that can affect daily life. Learn about its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and practical steps to manage it effectively at Shankar Superspeciality Hospitals, Patiala.
What is COPD?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of progressive lung disorders that make breathing difficult. The two main conditions under COPD are emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Why does COPD develop?
In India, the most common risk factors are:
- Long‑term exposure to tobacco smoke (including second‑hand smoke)
- Indoor air pollution from biomass cooking fuels
- Occupational dust and chemicals
- Frequent respiratory infections
Recognising the early signs
Being aware of symptoms helps you seek care early. Typical signs include:
- Persistent cough, often with mucus
- Shortness of breath, especially during activities
- Wheezing or a whistling sound when breathing
- Feeling of tightness in the chest
How is COPD diagnosed?
At Shankar Superspeciality Hospitals, the pulmonology team uses simple, non‑invasive tests:
- Spirometry: Measures how much air you can exhale and how quickly.
- Chest X‑ray or CT scan: Helps rule out other lung conditions.
- Blood tests: Check oxygen levels and rule out infections.
Managing COPD – A step‑by‑step approach
1. Quit smoking and reduce exposure
Stopping tobacco use is the single most effective step. Our doctors can guide you to nicotine‑replacement therapy or counseling.
2. Medications
Commonly prescribed medicines include:
- Bronchodilators (short‑acting and long‑acting) to relax airway muscles
- Inhaled steroids to reduce inflammation
- Combination inhalers for convenience
3. Pulmonary rehabilitation
A structured program of exercise, breathing techniques, and education improves stamina and quality of life.
4. Vaccinations
Flu and pneumococcal vaccines lower the risk of serious lung infections.
5. Healthy lifestyle
- Balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and protein
- Regular, moderate physical activity as advised by your doctor
- Avoiding indoor pollutants – use clean cooking fuels where possible
When to seek immediate medical help
If you experience any of the following, call your doctor or visit the emergency department:
- Sudden worsening of breathlessness
- New or increased chest pain
- High fever with chills
- Blue‑tinged lips or fingertips
Support available at Shankar Superspeciality Hospitals
Our pulmonology team, led by Dr. Ankit Singla and Dr. Biindu Goyal Singla, offers:
- Comprehensive COPD assessment
- Personalised treatment plans
- Access to pulmonary rehabilitation and counseling services
- Follow‑up care and tele‑consultations
Take the first step towards better breathing today. Book an appointment at our Patiala centre and start your journey to a healthier lung function.